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USS Kitty Hawk (CV 63)

- formerly CVA 63 -
- decommissioned -


USS KITTY HAWK was the lead ship of the Navy’s second class of "super carriers" and the second ship in the Navy to bear the name. Initially commissioned as attack aircraft carrier CVA 63, she was redesignated as multi-purpose aircraft carrier CV 63 April 29, 1973.

Since August 1998, KITTY HAWK was homeported in Yokosuka, Japan, where she relieved the USS INDEPENDENCE (CV 62) as the only forward deployed aircraft carrier in the Navy. The KITTY HAWK left Japan for the last time in mid-2008. After participation in RIMPAC 2008, the carrier continued to San Diego, Calif., to meet the USS GEORGE WASHINGTON (CVN 73) for turn-over. The GEORGE WASHINGTON replaced the KITTY HAWK in Japan.

Decommissioned on May 12, 2009, the KITTY HAWK was subsequently laid up at Bremerton, Wash. Stricken from the Navy list on October 20, 2017, KITTY HAWK was sold for scrapping for one cent to International Shipbreaking of Brownsville, Tx. On January 15, 2022, the carrier left Bremerton under tow heading for Brownsville for scrapping. KITTY HAWK arrived at Brownsville on May 31, 2022.

General Characteristics:Keel Laid: December 27, 1956
Launched: May 21, 1960
Commissioned: April 29, 1961
Decommissioned: May 12, 2009
Builder: New York Shipbuilding Corp., Camden, NJ
Propulsion system: eight Steam Boilers
Main Engines: four Steam Turbine Engines
Propellers: four
Blades on each Propeller: five
Aircraft elevators: four
Catapults: four
Arresting gear cables: four
Length, overall: 1046,5 feet (319 meters)
Flight Deck Width: 252 feet (76.8 meters)
Area of flight deck: about 4,5 acres
Beam: 129,6 feet (39.5 meters)
Draft: 35,8 feet (10.9 meters)
Displacement: approx. 82,200 tons full load
Speed: 30+ knots
Cost: about $400 million (1961)
Planes: approx. 85
Crew: Ship: 2,900     Air Wing: 2,480
Armament: two Mk 29 NATO Sea Sparrow launchers, two 20mm Phalanx CIWS Mk 15, two Rolling Airframe Missile (RAM) Systems


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Crew List:

This section contains the names of sailors who served aboard USS KITTY HAWK. It is no official listing but contains the names of sailors who submitted their information.

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USS KITTY HAWK Cruise Books:


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History of USS KITTY HAWK:

USS KITTY HAWK, the lead ship of the KITTY HAWK-class of aircraft carriers and the second United States Navy vessel to bear the name, was laid down on December 27, 1956, at New York Shipbuilding Corporation in Camden, New Jersey. The ship was named after Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, where Orville and Wilbur Wright made the first successful controlled, powered flights of a heavier-than-air aircraft on December 17, 1903. She was launched on May 21, 1960, sponsored by Mrs. Camilla F. McElroy, wife of former Secretary of Defense Neil H. McElroy. Following fitting-out and machinery trials, KITTY HAWK was commissioned at Philadelphia Naval Shipyard on April 29, 1961, with Captain William F. Bringle as her first commanding officer. Admiral Arleigh A. Burke, Chief of Naval Operations, delivered the principal address at the commissioning ceremony. The conventionally powered carrier was equipped with four steam catapults, four aircraft elevators and eight boilers supplying steam to four geared turbines driving four propeller shafts.

After commissioning, KITTY HAWK conducted initial training and equipment evaluations along the American East Coast. During the summer of 1961, she operated in the Atlantic and Caribbean, including a period of shakedown training at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Her embarked aircraft conducted carrier qualifications, simulated attacks, air defense exercises and reconnaissance training, while the ship's crew underwent engineering, damage control and operational readiness evaluations. On August 11, 1961, KITTY HAWK departed Norfolk, Virginia, for the voyage to her new homeport at San Diego, California, carrying aircraft of Carrier Air Group 11 (CVG-11).

The voyage took KITTY HAWK southward through the Atlantic, with visits to Port of Spain, Trinidad, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. During the Brazilian visit, the carrier embarked the Brazilian Secretary of the Navy for a demonstration of carrier aviation and exercises with five Brazilian destroyers. Continuing southward, KITTY HAWK rounded Cape Horn on October 1, 1961, and proceeded north along the Pacific coast of South America. She arrived at Valparaiso, Chile, on October 13 and departed two days later for Callao, Peru, where she arrived on October 20. The President of Peru was among the official visitors received aboard during the port call. KITTY HAWK continued northward and arrived at Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego, on November 1, 1961, completing her transfer from the Atlantic to the Pacific Fleet.

On November 18, 1961, Admiral George W. Anderson, Jr., Chief of Naval Operations, visited KITTY HAWK to observe demonstrations involving the carrier and accompanying naval units. The program included anti-submarine warfare exercises by USS HENRY B. WILSON (DDG 7) and USS BLUEBACK (SS 581), a Terrier missile demonstration by USS TOPEKA (CLG 8), and aircraft operations from KITTY HAWK. During the following months, the carrier conducted additional flight training and equipment tests off the California coast. She subsequently proceeded to San Francisco Naval Shipyard for post-shakedown repairs and improvements. On May 5, 1962, Captain Walter L. Curtis, Jr., relieved Captain Bringle as commanding officer. KITTY HAWK departed San Francisco on May 24 and continued operating in the eastern Pacific during the summer, including a Mid-Pacific training cruise from July 1 to 16.

On September 13, 1962, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for her first regular Western Pacific deployment with CVG-11 embarked. After visiting Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, from September 27 to 30, she crossed the Pacific and arrived at Yokosuka, Japan, on October 10. The carrier remained there until October 14 before resuming operations with the Seventh Fleet. She subsequently visited Sasebo, Japan, from October 27 to 31 and Okinawa from November 10 to 13. During these operations, KITTY HAWK conducted aircraft qualifications, fleet air defense training, anti-submarine warfare exercises and coordinated operations with American surface combatants.

KITTY HAWK visited Manila, Philippines, from November 26 to 29, 1962, and Hong Kong from December 10 to 16. She then proceeded to Subic Bay, Philippines, where she remained from December 26, 1962, to January 1, 1963. The carrier returned to Yokosuka on January 12, remaining until January 25, before continuing her deployment with visits to Kobe from February 6 to 10, Beppu from February 22 to 24, and Iwakuni from February 25 to March 1. Her final Japanese port visit took place at Yokosuka from March 14 to 20. Throughout the deployment, the carrier conducted routine Seventh Fleet operations, including exercises with Japanese and other allied naval forces. KITTY HAWK returned to San Diego on April 2, 1963.

Following post-deployment leave and maintenance, KITTY HAWK resumed carrier qualifications and training off southern California. On May 2, 1963, Captain Horace H. Epes, Jr., assumed command. On June 6, President John F. Kennedy visited KITTY HAWK during a tour of naval installations in southern California. The President arrived aboard after visiting USS ORISKANY (CVA 34) and observed demonstrations of the carrier's aviation and weapons capabilities. He addressed the crew on the flight deck and remained aboard overnight. The visit included a demonstration of the Navy's ability to conduct sustained carrier operations and support national defense commitments in the Pacific.

During the summer and early autumn of 1963, KITTY HAWK conducted aircraft qualifications, operational readiness training and exercises along the West Coast. She departed San Diego on October 17, 1963, for her second Western Pacific deployment with CVW-11. Her accompanying ships included HENRY B. WILSON and USS TURNER JOY (DD 951). The deployment included visits to Pearl Harbor; Buckner Bay, Okinawa; Sasebo, Kobe, Yokosuka, Beppu and Iwakuni, Japan; and Hong Kong. KITTY HAWK operated with the Seventh Fleet and participated in combined exercises involving air defense, anti-submarine warfare, reconnaissance and simulated strikes. During December, the carrier visited Yokosuka before resuming operations in the western Pacific. On April 3, 1964, KITTY HAWK was notified that she had received the Pacific Fleet's Top Carrier Award and the Battle Efficiency Award for the 1962-63 competition period.

During April 1964, KITTY HAWK participated in Exercise Crazy Horse off Okinawa from April 3 to 5 and Exercise Newboy, an air defense exercise off the Philippines, on April 7. On April 20, Captain John L. Butts, Jr., relieved Captain Epes as commanding officer. The following day, the carrier was ordered into the South China Sea as political instability and fighting in Laos increased. Pathet Lao forces had intensified their operations against the Royal Lao Government following an attempted coup in Vientiane. On May 18, aircraft from KITTY HAWK began low-level reconnaissance missions over Laos under the Yankee Team program, photographing roads, troop movements and supply routes associated with North Vietnamese support for the Pathet Lao.

On June 6, 1964, an RF-8A Crusader from VFP-63, flown by Lieutenant Charles F. Klusmann, was shot down by ground fire near Ban Ban, Laos, while conducting a photographic reconnaissance mission. Klusmann ejected but was captured by Pathet Lao forces, becoming the first American naval aviator taken prisoner in Southeast Asia during the developing conflict. He escaped after 86 days in captivity and was recovered on September 1 by an Air America aircraft. On June 7, an F-8D Crusader flown by Commander Lynn W. Doyle of VF-111 was also shot down while escorting a reconnaissance mission over Laos. Aircraft from KITTY HAWK and USS CONSTELLATION (CVA 64) attacked enemy anti-aircraft positions during the rescue operation, and Doyle was subsequently recovered by helicopter. KITTY HAWK continued reconnaissance and contingency operations in the region before completing her deployment and returning to San Diego on July 20, 1964.

Following the deployment, KITTY HAWK proceeded to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard at Bremerton, Washington, for a major overhaul. She arrived in August 1964 and entered dry dock on September 4. The work included maintenance and improvements to her propulsion machinery, aviation facilities, weapons systems, communications equipment and shipboard support systems. The overhaul continued through January 1965, with additional fitting-out work, equipment testing and machinery trials during the following months. KITTY HAWK completed post-overhaul sea trials in March and departed Bremerton on April 28. During the subsequent transit, the carrier resumed aircraft qualifications and operational training before returning to San Diego. On May 29, 1965, Captain Martin D. Carmody assumed command.

During the summer and early autumn of 1965, KITTY HAWK conducted refresher training, carrier qualifications and exercises in preparation for her first combat deployment. On October 19, 1965, she departed San Diego with CVW-11 embarked for the Western Pacific. Following visits to Pearl Harbor and the transit to the Philippines, the carrier began operations with the Seventh Fleet in November. Her aircraft commenced combat missions over South Vietnam and Laos, supporting American and South Vietnamese ground forces and attacking enemy troop concentrations, supply routes and military installations. KITTY HAWK operated from both Dixie Station off southern Vietnam and Yankee Station in the Gulf of Tonkin as American carrier aviation became increasingly involved in Operation Rolling Thunder and other air campaigns.

On December 6, 1965, a serious fire broke out in No. 3 Main Machinery Room while KITTY HAWK was conducting flight operations off Vietnam. Two sailors were killed and twenty-nine others injured when a fire spread through the machinery space. Firefighting teams contained the blaze before it could seriously affect the ship's propulsion capability, and flight operations continued after the emergency had been brought under control. The incident occurred during a period of intensive combat operations, with the carrier's aircraft flying repeated missions against targets in North and South Vietnam and Laos.

On December 22, 1965, aircraft from KITTY HAWK participated in a coordinated attack on the Uong Bi Thermal Power Plant northeast of Haiphong, North Vietnam. Approximately 110 aircraft from KITTY HAWK, USS ENTERPRISE (CVAN 65) and USS TICONDEROGA (CVA 14) took part in the strike. Aircraft from KITTY HAWK and USS TICONDEROGA approached from the south while those from USS ENTERPRISE approached from the north. The attack damaged the power plant and associated facilities, temporarily interrupting a substantial portion of the electrical supply to Hanoi and Haiphong. Aircraft from KITTY HAWK also attacked nearby surface-to-air missile installations and transportation targets.

During the winter and spring of 1966, KITTY HAWK continued combat operations from Yankee Station, alternating periods at sea with visits to Subic Bay, Yokosuka and Hong Kong. The carrier visited Yokosuka from December 28, 1965, to January 9, 1966, Subic Bay from February 5 to 10, and Hong Kong from February 12 to 15. On February 3, an RA-5C Vigilante from RVAH-13 was shot down by anti-aircraft fire during a reconnaissance mission over North Vietnam. Lieutenant Gerald L. Coffee survived the loss of the aircraft but was captured and remained a prisoner of war until February 1973. Search and rescue operations involved aircraft and ships, including USS WADDELL (DDG 24), which came under fire from North Vietnamese coastal batteries during the attempt to locate the downed crew.

Following another combat period, KITTY HAWK visited Subic Bay from March 17 to 29, 1966, and resumed operations over Vietnam during April. On May 11, the carrier completed a major ammunition transfer with USS PYRO (AE 24), transferring approximately 315 tons of ordnance during underway replenishment. The evolution established a Pacific Fleet ammunition transfer rate record. During May, KITTY HAWK continued interdiction and reconnaissance missions, including operations against targets in the Mugia Pass area of Laos. On May 18, an F-4B Phantom II from VF-213 was shot down during a search and rescue support mission near the pass. Both crew members ejected and were subsequently recovered by an Air Force helicopter. KITTY HAWK completed her combat assignment in early June and was relieved by USS CONSTELLATION. During the deployment, CVW-11 flew more than 10,000 combat and combat-support sorties. KITTY HAWK returned to San Diego on June 13, 1966.

Following post-deployment maintenance and training, KITTY HAWK prepared for another Western Pacific combat deployment. On July 18, 1966, Captain Paul E. Pugh relieved Captain Carmody as commanding officer. The carrier departed San Diego on November 5, 1966, with CVW-11 embarked. After visiting Pearl Harbor from November 10 to 12, she proceeded to Japan, arriving at Yokosuka on November 20 and remaining until November 26. The carrier subsequently resumed combat operations off Vietnam, conducting strikes against transportation routes, military installations and supply facilities in North Vietnam and Laos.

During December 1966 and the first half of 1967, KITTY HAWK alternated combat periods at Yankee Station with maintenance and replenishment visits. Her aircraft conducted attacks against bridges, roads, railway facilities, airfields and other military targets. In April 1967, aircraft from CVW-11 attacked the Kep airfield northeast of Hanoi and damaged several military installations. Throughout the deployment, F-4 Phantom II fighters provided escort and defensive counter-air support while A-4 Skyhawks and A-6 Intruders carried out attack missions. EA-3B and reconnaissance aircraft supported electronic surveillance and photographic intelligence collection.

KITTY HAWK visited Subic Bay from January 6 to 15, 1967, and again from February 16 to 22, followed by a visit to Hong Kong from February 24 to March 1. Further Subic Bay visits took place from March 31 to April 10, April 30 to May 6 and May 24 to 28. During the deployment, the carrier's air wing flew 9,331 strike sorties and delivered approximately 11,903 tons of ordnance. After completing the final combat operating period, KITTY HAWK visited Yokosuka from June 1 to 10 before beginning her return transit. She arrived at San Diego on June 19, 1967, and subsequently entered a period of maintenance and aircraft qualifications.

Following post-deployment leave, KITTY HAWK resumed training off the California coast. On August 7, 1967, Captain D. C. Davis relieved Captain Pugh as commanding officer. The carrier prepared for another deployment during the autumn, conducting carrier qualifications, weapons exercises and equipment evaluations. She departed San Diego on November 18, 1967, for her next Western Pacific combat deployment with CVW-11. Her accompanying ships included USS WORDEN (DLG 18). After visiting Pearl Harbor, KITTY HAWK proceeded to Yokosuka, arriving on December 8 and remaining until December 12. The carrier subsequently continued to the Philippines, where she prepared for the beginning of combat operations.

On December 18, 1967, a serious fire broke out in a tire storage compartment while KITTY HAWK was at Subic Bay. Firefighting teams battled the blaze for approximately nine hours before it was extinguished. About 125 sailors received treatment for smoke inhalation, although no serious injuries were reported. Following inspections and repairs, the carrier resumed preparations for combat operations and departed the Philippines for Yankee Station. On December 23, CVW-11 began flight operations over Vietnam.

The initial combat period of the 1967-68 deployment lasted 61 days, an unusually long continuous period of operations from Yankee Station. During this period, KITTY HAWK's aircraft attacked airfields, transportation facilities, supply installations and military targets in North Vietnam. These included Kien An airfield, communications installations and the Long Vi thermal power plant. The carrier also supported American and South Vietnamese forces during the Tet Offensive, which began in late January 1968. Aircraft from KITTY HAWK conducted strikes against enemy troop concentrations, supply routes and other targets associated with the offensive. The air wing continued to operate under substantial anti-aircraft and surface-to-air missile threats.

During March 1968, aircraft from KITTY HAWK supported operations near Khe Sanh and conducted additional reconnaissance and interdiction missions. On March 13, an A-4E Skyhawk from VA-144 was shot down during an attack on a suspected storage area west of Khe Sanh. The pilot ejected over Laos and was recovered by an Air Force rescue helicopter. Following President Lyndon B. Johnson's announcement on March 31 restricting bombing operations over North Vietnam, KITTY HAWK's aircraft concentrated much of their activity against transportation and supply routes in the southern part of North Vietnam and in Laos. Between April 12 and May 1, CVW-11 flew approximately 2,150 combat sorties. KITTY HAWK completed her deployment and returned to San Diego on June 28, 1968.

Following post-deployment maintenance, KITTY HAWK resumed training and aircraft qualifications during the second half of 1968. On September 30, Captain J. F. Davis relieved Captain D. C. Davis as commanding officer. The carrier was subsequently awarded a Presidential Unit Citation for her operations during the 1967-68 combat deployment. On December 30, 1968, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for another Western Pacific deployment with CVW-11 embarked. Her battle group included USS BAINBRIDGE (DLGN 25) and USS ROBISON (DDG 12). Following the Pacific crossing and logistical preparations, KITTY HAWK began combat operations from Yankee Station.

During January and February 1969, KITTY HAWK conducted attack, reconnaissance and combat support missions over Laos and South Vietnam. In March, the carrier resumed intensive operations against supply routes used by North Vietnamese forces moving through Laos. Her aircraft attacked bridges, roads, truck parks and storage installations, while fighter aircraft provided escort and air defense. The carrier's operations were interrupted by replenishment and maintenance visits to Subic Bay and other western Pacific ports. During April, KITTY HAWK provided engineering assistance to USS MAHAN (DLG 11), which had suffered a boiler casualty while underway. A repair specialist from KITTY HAWK was transferred to the guided missile frigate by helicopter and assisted in restoring the damaged equipment.

On April 15, 1969, North Korean fighter aircraft shot down an American EC-121M reconnaissance aircraft over the Sea of Japan, killing all thirty-one personnel aboard. The incident resulted in the assembly of American naval forces near the Korean Peninsula. KITTY HAWK had been proceeding toward Hong Kong, but the port visit was interrupted as the carrier was ordered back to operations in the South China Sea. She resumed flight operations from Yankee Station on April 18, temporarily covering assignments normally carried out by other carriers that had been diverted toward Korea. KITTY HAWK continued reconnaissance and interdiction missions through early May, while other Seventh Fleet units maintained increased readiness in the Sea of Japan.

On May 10, 1969, KITTY HAWK was ordered northward to support the American naval response to the EC-121 incident. Following operations in the East China Sea, she arrived at Sasebo, Japan, on May 16 for maintenance and replenishment. Further operations associated with Task Force 71 took place later in May, including exercises and surveillance in the East China Sea. KITTY HAWK also operated near Okinawa during June before returning to Yankee Station for additional combat missions. She conducted another combat period from June 29 to July 14, briefly interrupting operations to avoid Typhoon Tess. Subsequent operations continued through the summer, with logistical visits to Subic Bay and Sasebo. KITTY HAWK returned to San Diego on September 4, 1969.

On September 13, 1969, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for Puget Sound Naval Shipyard at Bremerton, Washington, where she began an extensive overhaul. The work included repairs and modernization of propulsion machinery, aviation equipment, electrical systems and shipboard facilities. Improvements were made to aircraft launch and recovery equipment, communications systems and habitability spaces. During the shipyard period, KITTY HAWK underwent inspections and modifications required to support continued operations with newer aircraft and tactical equipment. The overhaul continued into 1970, followed by machinery testing and sea trials. On June 19, 1970, KITTY HAWK returned to San Diego after completing the overhaul.

Following her return, KITTY HAWK conducted refresher training, aircraft qualifications and operational readiness exercises off southern California. The training was intended to restore the carrier and air wing to full operational readiness following the prolonged shipyard period. On November 6, 1970, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for another Western Pacific deployment with CVW-11. Her escort included USS TOWERS (DDG 9) and USS TURNER JOY. After visiting Pearl Harbor during November, she continued to Subic Bay, arriving on December 3 and departing on December 5. KITTY HAWK subsequently proceeded to Yankee Station, beginning her first combat operating period on December 8.

From December 8 to 29, 1970, KITTY HAWK conducted air operations against targets in Laos and South Vietnam. During this period, aircraft from CVW-11 flew approximately 1,320 strike sorties and 542 combat support sorties over Laos, together with additional strike missions over South Vietnam. Following a maintenance and replenishment period in the Subic Bay area from December 30 to January 11, 1971, KITTY HAWK returned to Yankee Station on January 13. The second operating period continued until February 3, with aircraft conducting interdiction missions against North Vietnamese transportation and supply routes.

KITTY HAWK visited Subic Bay from February 5 to 9, 1971, and Hong Kong from February 12 to 18 before beginning her third combat operating period on February 21. This period coincided with Operation Lam Son 719, a South Vietnamese offensive into southern Laos intended to disrupt North Vietnamese logistical operations along the Ho Chi Minh Trail. Aircraft from KITTY HAWK supported the offensive with strikes against troops, vehicles, supply depots, artillery positions and transportation routes. On February 27, Commander Paul F. McCarthy, Executive Officer of VA-195, ejected from an A-7E Corsair II after the aircraft developed mechanical problems during a mission over Laos. He was recovered by an Air Force helicopter without injury.

On March 3, 1971, Rear Admiral Damon W. Cooper relieved Vice Admiral Frederic A. Bardshar as Commander Task Force 77 during a ceremony aboard KITTY HAWK. The carrier continued combat operations throughout March, providing air support as North Vietnamese forces counterattacked South Vietnamese units in Laos. During these operations, adverse weather frequently restricted aircraft movements, and the air wing conducted both day and night missions against transportation routes and enemy positions. On March 21, aircraft from KITTY HAWK participated in Operation Fracture Cross Alpha, a coordinated attack against North Vietnamese anti-aircraft and logistical targets. The third combat operating period ended on March 31.

Following a visit to Subic Bay from April 3 to 7, 1971, KITTY HAWK returned to Yankee Station for her fourth line period from April 10 to 25. On April 12, Captain Owen H. Oberg relieved Captain Earl F. Godfrey as commanding officer. During the operating period, aircraft from CVW-11 conducted reconnaissance and interdiction missions against North Vietnamese supply routes and military installations. After another visit to Subic Bay from April 27 to 30, the carrier returned to Yankee Station for her fifth operating period from May 4 to 16. KITTY HAWK subsequently proceeded to Sasebo, Japan, arriving on May 21 and departing on May 26. During the transit, the carrier participated in Exercise Blue Sky, an air defense exercise involving aircraft from the Republic of China Air Force.

KITTY HAWK began her sixth and final combat operating period on May 30, 1971. On the same day, Admiral Elmo R. Zumwalt, Jr., Chief of Naval Operations, visited the carrier. The air wing continued strike, reconnaissance and support operations over Laos and South Vietnam until June 23. The carrier subsequently proceeded to Subic Bay, where she remained from June 26 to 30 before beginning the return transit across the Pacific. KITTY HAWK visited Pearl Harbor on July 11 and 12 and returned to San Diego on July 17, 1971. During the deployment, the ship had spent approximately 136 days on Yankee Station, including 128 days of combat operations, and received a Navy Unit Commendation for her service from December 7, 1970, to June 24, 1971.

After returning to San Diego, KITTY HAWK entered a restricted availability at Naval Air Station North Island on August 16, 1971. The maintenance period included repairs and improvements to aviation equipment, machinery and shipboard support facilities. On August 18, KITTY HAWK received the Admiral Flatley Award for aviation safety. Following completion of the availability on October 19, the carrier conducted a shakedown cruise from October 20 to 22 and refresher training from October 26 to November 11. A dependents' day cruise took place on November 12, with approximately 2,000 family members embarked. The carrier subsequently conducted additional aircraft qualifications and equipment evaluations before beginning final preparations for another combat deployment.

On February 17, 1972, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for her next Western Pacific deployment with CVW-11 embarked. The air wing included F-4J Phantom II fighters, A-7E Corsair IIs, A-6 Intruders, RA-5C Vigilantes, E-2B Hawkeyes and supporting electronic warfare and helicopter units. Her battle group included USS WORDEN, which provided area air defense and other screening support. Following the transit across the Pacific and logistical preparations at Subic Bay, KITTY HAWK proceeded to Yankee Station, beginning her first combat operating period on March 8. The air wing conducted strikes against North Vietnamese transportation and supply routes in Laos and South Vietnam, together with reconnaissance and close air support missions.

During March 1972, KITTY HAWK's aircraft attacked enemy transportation routes and installations in Laos. The first combat operating period continued until March 25. After returning to Subic Bay, the carrier was ordered back to Yankee Station earlier than planned following the beginning of the North Vietnamese Easter Offensive on March 30. The offensive involved large-scale conventional attacks against South Vietnamese positions across the Demilitarized Zone and from neighboring areas of Laos and Cambodia. KITTY HAWK resumed combat operations on April 3, 1972, supporting American and South Vietnamese efforts to counter the offensive.

During April and May 1972, aircraft from KITTY HAWK flew repeated missions against North Vietnamese troops, tanks, artillery positions, bridges, roads and other military targets. The air wing also supported American B-52 bombers by conducting attacks and diversionary operations against surface-to-air missile installations. On April 6, an A-7E Corsair II from VA-195 was hit by a surface-to-air missile during a strike mission. The aircraft crashed into the sea, but its pilot, Commander Mason C. Gilfry, was recovered by a Navy rescue helicopter. Further combat operations continued in support of the defense of South Vietnamese positions threatened by the offensive. The carrier remained on Yankee Station until May 22.

Following a period of upkeep at Subic Bay, KITTY HAWK returned to Yankee Station for another combat operating period from June 1 to 26, 1972. Her aircraft participated in Operation Linebacker, conducting attacks against transportation routes, supply facilities and other military targets in North Vietnam. KITTY HAWK subsequently visited Hong Kong from June 30 to July 6 before resuming operations on July 8. The fourth combat operating period continued until August 4. During this period, aircraft from CVW-11 carried out strikes and reconnaissance missions against North Vietnamese transportation systems, military installations and supply areas.

After visiting Subic Bay from August 6 to 12, 1972, KITTY HAWK returned to Yankee Station on August 14. Her fifth combat operating period continued until September 5, interrupted by evasive maneuvering to avoid Typhoon Elsie. On August 17, an F-4J Phantom II from VF-114 was shot down by a surface-to-air missile during a night mission near Haiphong. Both crew members were lost. Other aircraft continued night interdiction missions against railroad lines, supply routes and military targets. KITTY HAWK returned to Subic Bay for maintenance and replenishment before beginning her sixth operating period on September 15.

During September and early October 1972, KITTY HAWK continued combat operations over North Vietnam and Laos, with aircraft conducting reconnaissance, interdiction and strike missions. The sixth operating period ended on October 2, and the carrier subsequently visited Subic Bay from October 4 to 10. During this period, serious tensions among members of the crew contributed to a series of racially motivated disturbances aboard the ship. The incidents reflected racial divisions, disciplinary difficulties and the effects of prolonged combat deployments and demanding work schedules that were also affecting other United States Navy ships during the final years of the Vietnam War.

Between October 11 and 13, 1972, violent confrontations occurred between groups of sailors aboard KITTY HAWK. The disturbances involved assaults, damage to equipment and confrontations in berthing compartments and passageways. Officers, senior enlisted personnel and members of the ship's security organization attempted to restore order, while the executive officer met with groups of sailors to address grievances and end the violence. Forty-seven sailors were treated for injuries, and several required evacuation to medical facilities ashore. Following investigations, twenty-six sailors faced charges under the Uniform Code of Military Justice. The incidents resulted in disciplinary proceedings and contributed to broader Navy efforts to improve race relations, leadership training and procedures for addressing personnel grievances.

Despite the disturbances, KITTY HAWK resumed combat operations on October 12, 1972, beginning her seventh and final operating period on Yankee Station. Her aircraft continued reconnaissance and interdiction missions against North Vietnamese transportation routes, although restrictions on attacks north of the 20th parallel reduced the number of authorized strike targets. The carrier continued operations through November 4 before departing the combat operating area. KITTY HAWK subsequently visited Subic Bay on November 7 and Sasebo, Japan, from November 11 to 13 before beginning her return transit across the Pacific. During the voyage home, she operated with USS GRIDLEY (DLG 21) and USS HAROLD E. HOLT (DE 1074), conducting training and electronic emissions control procedures. KITTY HAWK returned to San Diego on November 28, 1972.

After post-deployment leave and preparations, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego on January 8, 1973, for Hunters Point Naval Shipyard in San Francisco. She entered an Extended Selected Restricted Availability on January 9 and was placed in dry dock on January 14. The principal purpose of the overhaul was to convert the ship from an attack aircraft carrier into a multipurpose aircraft carrier capable of conducting anti-submarine warfare operations in addition to conventional attack and air defense missions. The work involved extensive changes to aircraft handling equipment, aviation support facilities, communications and tactical systems.

During the overhaul, KITTY HAWK received an Anti-Submarine Classification and Analysis Center, designed to process acoustic and other intelligence information collected by aircraft and associated sensors. Modifications were made to accommodate S-2 Tracker anti-submarine aircraft and SH-3 Sea King helicopters, while flight deck and hangar facilities were altered to support a broader combination of aircraft. The ship's jet blast deflectors were enlarged to accommodate the F-14 Tomcat fighter, requiring modifications to the flight deck and the movement of aircraft elevator No. 1. The propulsion plant was converted to burn Navy Distillate Fuel, replacing the earlier black oil fuel system. Improvements were also made to firefighting equipment, ventilation systems, electrical facilities and habitability spaces.

KITTY HAWK was moved out of dry dock on April 28, 1973, and was formally redesignated CV 63 on April 29, the twelfth anniversary of her commissioning. On May 17, the first boiler was operated using Navy Distillate Fuel. The carrier conducted post-overhaul sea trials on June 28 and 29, followed by additional testing and equipment certification. On July 10, Rear Admiral Donald C. Davis, Commander Carrier Group One, embarked before the ship departed Hunters Point and returned to San Diego. The carrier subsequently conducted refresher training, aviation qualifications and exercises intended to evaluate her new multipurpose capabilities.

During August 1973, KITTY HAWK and CVW-11 conducted anti-submarine warfare training off southern California, including exercises involving submarines, maritime patrol aircraft and helicopter units. In September, the carrier participated in RIMPAC 1973, a multinational exercise in Hawaiian waters involving approximately 23 ships, 200 aircraft and 14,000 personnel from the United States, Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The exercise included air defense, simulated strikes, anti-submarine warfare, surface warfare and coordinated maritime operations. On November 15, Captain R. E. Kirksey assumed command of KITTY HAWK. The carrier subsequently completed preparations for another Western Pacific deployment.

On November 23, 1973, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego with CVW-11 embarked for her next Western Pacific and Indian Ocean deployment. The deployment was intended to evaluate the carrier's new multipurpose role under operational conditions, particularly the integration of strike aviation, fleet air defense and anti-submarine warfare. After crossing the Pacific, KITTY HAWK entered the Seventh Fleet area of operations and began a series of exercises. On December 6, four F-4J Phantom II fighters from VF-114 and VF-213 intercepted two Soviet Tu-95 Bear reconnaissance aircraft approaching the carrier. The American aircraft escorted the Soviet bombers during their surveillance flight before the aircraft turned away.

On December 11, 1973, a serious Class Bravo fire broke out in No. 1 Main Machinery Room while KITTY HAWK was operating in the South China Sea. The fire began when fuel escaped from a defective component of the fuel system and ignited within the machinery space. Damage control personnel fought the fire while engineering teams secured affected equipment and attempted to prevent its spread. Six sailors died as a result of the accident, and thirty-eight others were injured according to the official accident statistics. KITTY HAWK remained capable of maneuvering and proceeded under her own power to Subic Bay, arriving on December 14. Repairs to the damaged machinery and associated equipment continued through December 28, and the carrier resumed operations on December 29.

During January 1974, KITTY HAWK conducted training and operational evaluations in the South China Sea, including exercises designed to test her anti-submarine warfare capabilities. The carrier visited Manila, Philippines, from January 23 to 27, followed by further exercises in the Subic Bay operating area. From February 5 to 21, the ship remained at Subic Bay for maintenance, logistics and preparations for an extended Indian Ocean operating period. On February 22, KITTY HAWK departed the Philippines and proceeded through the Strait of Malacca toward the Indian Ocean.

From late February through April 1974, KITTY HAWK conducted exercises and operational patrols in the Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea. The carrier operated in areas associated with the American naval presence near the Persian Gulf and the Horn of Africa, conducting coordinated strike, anti-submarine warfare, reconnaissance and sea control training. During March, KITTY HAWK operated near Point Ash in the Arabian Sea, where her aircraft and helicopters conducted anti-submarine warfare exercises and hydrographic reconnaissance. The carrier subsequently visited Mombasa, Kenya, from March 20 to 25 before returning to operations in the Arabian Sea.

On March 27, 1974, KITTY HAWK recorded her 150,000th arrested landing when an F-4J Phantom II from VF-114 landed aboard. During April, the carrier continued operations in the Indian Ocean, including further exercises near Point Ash. On April 8, Admiral Thomas H. Moorer, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, visited KITTY HAWK while the ship was operating in the region. The carrier subsequently continued maritime operations and training before proceeding toward Southeast Asia. She visited Singapore from April 23 to 26 and returned to Subic Bay in May.

During the return portion of the deployment, KITTY HAWK continued training and conducted maintenance and replenishment visits to the Philippines. She visited Hong Kong from May 27 to June 2, 1974, and returned to Subic Bay during June. After completing the final operating period, the carrier began the Pacific crossing and visited Pearl Harbor in early July. KITTY HAWK returned to San Diego on July 9, 1974.

Following the deployment, KITTY HAWK underwent maintenance and additional training in the eastern Pacific. The carrier conducted aircraft qualifications and operational readiness exercises during the remainder of 1974 and early 1975. From April 9 to 17, 1975, she participated in a Composite Training Unit Exercise and weapons training operations off southern California, followed by Readiness Exercise 5-75 from April 21 to 27. The exercises involved simulated attacks, anti-submarine warfare, electronic warfare and air defense operations, together with evaluations of the carrier's aviation and engineering capabilities.

On May 21, 1975, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for another Western Pacific deployment with CVW-11. Following visits to Pearl Harbor and Subic Bay, the carrier conducted exercises in the Philippine Sea and South China Sea. On May 29, an F-4J Phantom II from VF-114 experienced a serious control malfunction shortly after launch and crashed into the sea. Both crew members were recovered by a helicopter from HS-8. During the subsequent Pacific transit, KITTY HAWK experienced a major engineering casualty on June 10 when a steam line rupture and malfunctioning sea valve caused flooding in No. 1 Main Machinery Room. Engineering and damage control personnel contained the flooding, allowing the carrier to continue operations without casualties.

During the remainder of the 1975 deployment, KITTY HAWK participated in Seventh Fleet exercises and maintained an operational presence in the western Pacific. Port visits included Subic Bay during several periods in June, July, September and November; Hong Kong from August 13 to 20; and Yokosuka, Japan, from October 17 to 24. The carrier conducted anti-submarine warfare exercises, strike training, fleet air defense operations and readiness evaluations with accompanying surface ships. Following additional visits to the Philippines and Hawaii, KITTY HAWK returned to San Diego on December 15, 1975.

Following post-deployment maintenance and preparations, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego on March 8, 1976, for Puget Sound Naval Shipyard at Bremerton, Washington, where she began a complex overhaul. She entered dry dock on March 12 for extensive maintenance and modernization work. The overhaul included repairs to her propulsion machinery, aircraft launch and recovery systems, electronic equipment, aviation support facilities and hull structure. Additional modifications were made to accommodate modern carrier aircraft, particularly the F-14 Tomcat, and to improve the ship's anti-submarine warfare and tactical command capabilities.

KITTY HAWK remained in dry dock until September 27, 1976, after which the overhaul continued alongside the shipyard pier. During the following months, machinery, aviation equipment and combat systems were tested and inspected. The carrier conducted dock trials and a fast cruise on March 12 and 13, 1977, followed by sea trials from March 24 to 27. These were her first extensive underway operations after nearly a year in the shipyard. Following completion of the overhaul, KITTY HAWK returned to San Diego and resumed aircraft qualifications and operational training. During September, she participated in Composite Training Unit Exercise 3-77, which evaluated her ability to respond to a series of simulated air, surface and submarine threats.

On October 25, 1977, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for a Western Pacific deployment with CVW-11. Her accompanying ships included USS GOLDSBOROUGH (DDG 20). During the Pacific crossing, the carrier participated in missile, gunnery, electronic warfare and anti-submarine warfare exercises. She subsequently operated with the Seventh Fleet in the western Pacific and South China Sea, making visits to Pearl Harbor, Yokosuka, Busan, the Philippines, Hong Kong, Thailand and Singapore. In November, Soviet Tu-95 Bear reconnaissance aircraft monitored the carrier group near Wake Island, while additional Soviet reconnaissance activity occurred during operations near Japan.

During the winter and spring of 1978, KITTY HAWK conducted exercises and contingency operations in the western Pacific. Her planned movements were affected by the continuing conflict in the Horn of Africa, where Somali forces had invaded the Ogaden region of Ethiopia. In February, the carrier was directed to maintain readiness for possible movement toward the Indian Ocean in connection with the crisis and the potential evacuation of American citizens. KITTY HAWK took station in the South China Sea north of Singapore while the situation was monitored. The contingency requirement ended in March, and the ship resumed her normal deployment schedule. Following further training and port visits, KITTY HAWK returned to Pearl Harbor in May. On May 9, Admiral Donald C. Davis, who had previously commanded the carrier, relieved Admiral Thomas B. Hayward as Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet, during a ceremony aboard KITTY HAWK. The carrier returned to San Diego on May 15, 1978.

During the remainder of 1978 and early 1979, KITTY HAWK underwent maintenance, aircraft qualifications and training exercises along the West Coast. The carrier conducted evaluations of aviation equipment, anti-submarine warfare systems and tactical procedures in preparation for another extended deployment. On February 21, 1979, an SH-3D Sea King helicopter from HS-8 experienced mechanical problems and made an emergency landing on the water shortly after takeoff. The crew was recovered by another helicopter before the aircraft sank. Additional training and readiness exercises continued during the spring.

On May 30, 1979, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for a Western Pacific and Indian Ocean deployment with Carrier Air Wing 15 (CVW-15). The air wing included F-14 Tomcats, A-7 Corsair IIs, A-6 Intruders, EA-6B Prowlers, E-2C Hawkeyes, S-3 Vikings and supporting aircraft. The carrier conducted exercises in the Pacific and Indian Oceans, visiting Pearl Harbor, Manila, Hong Kong, Busan and ports in Thailand and Japan. During October, KITTY HAWK visited Yokosuka while Super Typhoon Tip passed through the region, producing high winds and heavy seas. The ship remained safely moored during the storm.

On October 26, 1979, South Korean President Park Chung-hee was assassinated, creating a period of political uncertainty in South Korea. KITTY HAWK interrupted planned exercises and proceeded to the East China Sea, where she remained on contingency station until early November. Her aircraft conducted routine flight operations and readiness exercises while American forces monitored developments on the Korean Peninsula. Following the stabilization of the situation, KITTY HAWK returned to the Philippines for maintenance and preparations for the scheduled return voyage.

On November 4, 1979, Iranian militants seized the American Embassy in Tehran and took American diplomatic personnel hostage. In response, the United States increased its naval presence in the northern Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea. KITTY HAWK, which had been preparing to leave Subic Bay, received orders to proceed toward the Indian Ocean instead. She departed Subic Bay on November 21 and proceeded through the Strait of Malacca to the Diego Garcia area, arriving on station on November 28. The carrier maintained an American naval presence during the Iranian hostage crisis, conducting surveillance, fleet air defense and training operations in the region.

On November 28, 1979, an EA-6B Prowler from VAQ-135 was lost during a mission near Diego Garcia, killing all four crew members. Search and rescue operations were conducted by helicopters from KITTY HAWK and maritime patrol aircraft operating from Diego Garcia, but no survivors were recovered. During December, KITTY HAWK continued operations in the North Arabian Sea, conducting exercises with other American naval forces and maintaining aircraft ready for contingency missions. The carrier also participated in exercises with Pakistani naval forces and conducted reconnaissance and anti-submarine warfare operations.

On December 29, 1979, a KA-6D Intruder tanker aircraft from VA-52 crashed shortly after launch from KITTY HAWK, killing both crew members. Helicopters and nearby ships, including USS DAVID R. RAY (DD 971), participated in the unsuccessful rescue effort. KITTY HAWK remained in the Arabian Sea during January 1980, operating with other American carriers and surface combatants. On January 23, she conducted turnover and cross-deck operations with USS NIMITZ (CVN 68), which had arrived to continue the American carrier presence in the region. USS MIDWAY (CV 41) was also operating in the broader area. KITTY HAWK subsequently began the return voyage across the Indian Ocean and Pacific. She arrived at San Diego on February 25, 1980.

Following the extended deployment, KITTY HAWK entered a Ship's Restricted Availability from March 27 to June 27, 1980. The maintenance period included repairs to propulsion machinery, aviation equipment, electronic systems and other shipboard facilities. After completing sea trials from July 1 to 3, the carrier resumed training and aircraft qualifications along the California coast. On August 28, an RF-8G Crusader from VFP-63 crashed into the sea during carrier qualifications. The pilot, Lieutenant Commander Elliott Tozer, was not recovered despite an extensive search. During October, KITTY HAWK participated in additional aircraft and weapons testing, including evaluations associated with the development of an air-launched Tomahawk missile.

During early 1981, KITTY HAWK conducted carrier qualifications and training in preparation for another Western Pacific deployment. On February 23, the carrier recorded her 200,000th arrested landing when an S-3A Viking from VS-29 landed aboard. She departed San Diego on April 1, 1981, with CVW-15 embarked. Her battle group included USS HALSEY (CG 23), USS DAVID R. RAY, USS CUSHING (DD 985), USS HOEL (DDG 13) and USS WABASH (AOR 5). The carrier proceeded across the Pacific, conducting exercises and training before arriving in the western Pacific.

During the deployment, KITTY HAWK conducted air defense, anti-submarine warfare, strike training and reconnaissance operations with Seventh Fleet units. Her port visits included Pearl Harbor, Subic Bay, Singapore, Fremantle and Perth, Australia, and Hong Kong. The carrier maintained an extended operational presence in the Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea, where American naval forces continued monitoring the Iran-Iraq War and regional security developments. During September, KITTY HAWK conducted additional exercises and aviation operations, including carrier qualifications and fleet air defense training. She returned to San Diego on November 23, 1981.

During January 1982, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for Puget Sound Naval Shipyard at Bremerton, where she entered a major overhaul. The work involved extensive repairs to her propulsion systems, aviation facilities, electronic equipment and hull structure, together with improvements to combat systems and aircraft support equipment. The carrier remained at Bremerton for much of 1982, with dock trials, machinery testing and sea trials following the completion of the principal maintenance work. She returned to San Diego in early 1983 and resumed aircraft qualifications and operational readiness training.

On January 19, 1983, KITTY HAWK was involved in a collision with the Canadian destroyer HMCS Yukon during operations off southern California. The accident resulted in damage to the ships and was followed by inspections and an investigation. During the remainder of the year, KITTY HAWK conducted training exercises, carrier qualifications and preparations for another overseas deployment. On November 22, she collided with USS WABASH during an underway replenishment operation, causing damage that required inspection and repairs before the carrier resumed normal operations.

On January 13, 1984, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for a Western Pacific and Indian Ocean deployment with Carrier Air Wing 2 (CVW-2). Her battle group included USS LONG BEACH (CGN 9), USS O'BRIEN (DD 975), USS CHANDLER (DDG 996), USS LEWIS B. PULLER (FFG 23), USS HAROLD E. HOLT and USS WABASH. Following the Pacific crossing and visits to Pearl Harbor and Subic Bay, KITTY HAWK proceeded to Korean waters to participate in Exercise Team Spirit 84, a major combined exercise involving American and South Korean forces.

During March 1984, KITTY HAWK and her battle group conducted air defense, anti-submarine warfare and strike training in waters near the Korean Peninsula. Soviet reconnaissance aircraft, ships and submarines monitored the exercise. On March 21, at approximately 10:07 p.m. local time, KITTY HAWK collided with a Soviet nuclear-powered attack submarine in the Sea of Japan, approximately 150 nautical miles east of Pohang, South Korea. The submarine, believed to have been K-314 of the VICTOR I-class, had been tracking the American carrier group and surfaced or approached the surface close to KITTY HAWK's course. The collision caused damage to the carrier's underwater hull and to the submarine's sail and other structures.

Following the collision, KITTY HAWK stopped and her crew inspected the ship for damage. Helicopters from HS-2 conducted reconnaissance of the Soviet submarine, which remained on the surface nearby. The carrier and accompanying ships stood by to provide assistance, but the Soviet vessel did not request help. KITTY HAWK remained operational and subsequently proceeded for inspection and repairs. The incident was investigated by the Navy and became the subject of diplomatic exchanges between the United States and the Soviet Union. After completing repairs and readiness checks, KITTY HAWK resumed her deployment, including operations in the Indian Ocean and port visits to Subic Bay, Busan and Perth. She returned to San Diego on August 1, 1984.

Following post-deployment maintenance, KITTY HAWK resumed training operations along the West Coast during the remainder of 1984 and the first half of 1985. The carrier conducted aircraft qualifications, anti-submarine warfare exercises and battle group training in preparation for another Western Pacific deployment. On July 24, 1985, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego with Carrier Air Wing 9 (CVW-9) embarked. Her battle group included USS HORNE (CG 30), USS FOX (CG 33), USS FIFE (DD 991), USS WICHITA (AOR 1) and USNS MARS (T-AFS 1). The deployment included operations in the western Pacific and Indian Ocean, where American naval forces maintained a presence during the Iran-Iraq War and monitored regional naval activity.

During the deployment, KITTY HAWK visited Subic Bay, Mombasa, Kenya, and ports in Sri Lanka. The carrier conducted air defense, anti-submarine warfare and reconnaissance operations with accompanying surface ships. Soviet ships and aircraft frequently monitored the carrier group during operations in the Indian Ocean. In October, KITTY HAWK participated in anti-submarine warfare exercises in the Gulf of Aden and conducted training with American and allied aircraft. During November, the carrier continued exercises in the Indian Ocean before conducting turnover procedures with USS SARATOGA (CV 60), which had arrived to assume responsibilities in the region. KITTY HAWK subsequently began her return voyage across the Pacific and arrived at San Diego on December 21, 1985.

During 1986, KITTY HAWK underwent maintenance and continued training along the California coast. Her exercises included aviation qualifications, electronic warfare training, simulated strikes and anti-submarine warfare operations. On September 9, 1986, Aviation Boatswain's Mate Airman Apprentice Daniel Dixon was killed during night flight operations on the flight deck. The carrier subsequently completed further training and preparations for an extended deployment that would conclude with her transfer to Philadelphia for a major Service Life Extension Program overhaul.

On January 3, 1987, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego with CVW-9 embarked for a global circumnavigation and final deployment before the planned overhaul. Her accompanying ships included USS HALSEY, USS VANDEGRIFT (FFG 48), USS CALLAGHAN (DDG 994) and supporting supply vessels. After crossing the Pacific, KITTY HAWK proceeded toward the Philippines and conducted exercises in the western Pacific. During January, rising tensions associated with the Iran-Iraq War resulted in an acceleration of the deployment schedule. The carrier shortened a visit to Subic Bay and proceeded through the Strait of Malacca toward the Indian Ocean.

On February 9, 1987, KITTY HAWK arrived at Gonzo Station in the northern Arabian Sea, where American naval forces maintained a regular presence during the Iran-Iraq War. Her aircraft conducted surveillance, reconnaissance, air defense and strike training while the carrier operated near the approaches to the Persian Gulf. The ship also conducted exercises with allied naval and air forces and maintained readiness for possible contingency operations. During the deployment, KITTY HAWK visited Karachi, Pakistan, and Mombasa, Kenya, and conducted replenishment operations with accompanying supply ships.

Following the Indian Ocean operating period, KITTY HAWK proceeded toward the Red Sea and entered the Suez Canal on May 17, 1987, becoming the first time the carrier had transited the waterway. She continued into the Mediterranean, conducting exercises with Sixth Fleet units and visiting Palma de Mallorca, Spain, and Cannes, France. During June, the carrier participated in additional training and turnover operations with other American naval units, including USS SARATOGA. After a visit to Rota, Spain, KITTY HAWK continued westward across the Atlantic toward the United States.

On June 28, 1987, the aircraft of CVW-9 flew ashore as KITTY HAWK approached the American East Coast. The carrier visited Norfolk from June 30 to July 2 before proceeding to Philadelphia, where she arrived on July 3, 1987. The arrival concluded the ship's transfer from San Diego to Philadelphia Naval Shipyard for the planned Service Life Extension Program. The Navy intended the overhaul to extend the carrier's operational service life through extensive modernization, repair and replacement of major shipboard equipment.

KITTY HAWK entered the Service Life Extension Program during the second half of 1987, with drydocking beginning on November 25. The program involved extensive repairs and modernization of the ship's hull, propulsion machinery, electrical systems, aviation facilities and combat equipment. Major work was performed on aircraft elevators, catapults, arresting gear, weapons handling equipment, electronic warfare systems and communications facilities. The carrier also received improvements to habitability, damage control systems and aviation maintenance facilities, together with alterations to accommodate newer aircraft and weapons systems.

The overhaul continued throughout 1988, 1989 and 1990. Large sections of the ship's machinery and support systems were inspected, repaired or replaced, and extensive testing was required before the carrier could return to operational service. The work was conducted under the Navy's Service Life Extension Program, which was intended to extend the useful lives of selected conventionally powered aircraft carriers beyond their original design expectations. Following completion of the principal overhaul in 1991, KITTY HAWK underwent machinery trials, flight deck certification and preparations for renewed operational service.

On July 30, 1991, KITTY HAWK departed Philadelphia following completion of the overhaul. She proceeded into the Atlantic and began the voyage to her new homeport at San Diego, conducting operational tests and training during the transit. The route took the carrier around South America, allowing her to return to the Pacific without transiting the Panama Canal. After completing the long voyage and associated readiness checks, KITTY HAWK arrived at San Diego on December 11, 1991.

During 1992, KITTY HAWK resumed operational training with Carrier Air Wing 15 (CVW-15). The carrier conducted aircraft qualifications, fleet air defense exercises, anti-submarine warfare training and combined operations with surface combatants. She participated in training exercises off southern California and in the eastern Pacific before completing final preparations for another Western Pacific deployment. The renewed operational schedule followed the prolonged shipyard period and required extensive certification of aviation, engineering and combat systems.

On November 3, 1992, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for a Western Pacific, Indian Ocean and Arabian Gulf deployment with CVW-15 embarked. Her battle group included USS LEAHY (CG 16), USS COWPENS (CG 63), USS JARRETT (FFG 33) and USS SACRAMENTO (AOE 1). The carrier crossed the Pacific and visited Hong Kong from November 25 to 30 before proceeding through the South China Sea toward Singapore, where she remained from December 5 to 10. Following the Singapore visit, KITTY HAWK proceeded into the Indian Ocean as American forces prepared to support a multinational humanitarian intervention in Somalia.

From December 18 to 27, 1992, KITTY HAWK operated off Somalia in support of Operation Restore Hope. She relieved USS RANGER (CV 61) and provided aviation support for American and multinational forces conducting humanitarian relief and security operations ashore. Aircraft from CVW-15 flew reconnaissance, surveillance, air defense and logistical support missions, while E-2C Hawkeye aircraft helped coordinate the large number of military and relief flights operating in the region. During the operation, KITTY HAWK's air wing flew approximately 446 missions. Airborne command and control functions were gradually transferred to other American naval and Marine units as the multinational operation established its organization ashore.

Following the Somalia operating period, KITTY HAWK was ordered to proceed toward the Arabian Gulf. She entered the Gulf on December 31, 1992, and assumed duties in support of Operation Southern Watch, enforcing the no-fly zone over southern Iraq. American and allied aircraft conducted reconnaissance, air patrols and surveillance missions while monitoring Iraqi air defense activity. During January 1993, Iraqi violations of United Nations restrictions and attempts to interfere with coalition aircraft resulted in American and allied military responses.

On January 13, 1993, aircraft from KITTY HAWK participated in a coordinated attack against Iraqi air defense and command facilities. The operation involved approximately 110 American and allied aircraft, including thirty-five aircraft from KITTY HAWK. Additional military operations followed during January as coalition forces responded to Iraqi air defense activity and other violations of United Nations restrictions. The carrier continued operations in support of Southern Watch, conducting combat air patrol, reconnaissance and strike readiness missions.

KITTY HAWK visited Jebel Ali, United Arab Emirates, beginning on January 30, 1993. The port visit was extended by a sandstorm that prevented the carrier from departing as scheduled, and she remained until February 5. Following the visit, KITTY HAWK resumed operations in the Arabian Gulf, conducting air patrols and surveillance missions over southern Iraq. A second visit to Jebel Ali took place from February 28 to March 4. The carrier subsequently continued operations until March 14, when she departed the Arabian Gulf. On March 18, KITTY HAWK completed turnover procedures with USS NIMITZ and began the return voyage.

KITTY HAWK visited Singapore from March 26 to 31, 1993, and Hong Kong from April 5 to 10 before crossing the Pacific. She stopped at Pearl Harbor from April 23 to 26 and subsequently continued to San Diego, arriving on May 3, 1993.

Following post-deployment maintenance and leave, KITTY HAWK conducted training and carrier qualifications throughout the remainder of 1993 and early 1994. The carrier participated in exercises off southern California and in the eastern Pacific, preparing for another Western Pacific deployment. The training included simulated strike operations, fleet air defense, anti-submarine warfare exercises and combined operations with surface combatants and submarines.

On June 24, 1994, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego with CVW-15 for her next Western Pacific deployment. Her battle group included USS CALIFORNIA (CGN 36), USS VINCENNES (CG 49), USS COWPENS, USS CROMMELIN (FFG 37), USS SALT LAKE CITY (SSN 716) and USS ROANOKE (AOR 7). The carrier proceeded across the Pacific and conducted exercises with Seventh Fleet units, including air defense, anti-submarine warfare, reconnaissance and simulated strike operations. The deployment included visits to Sasebo, Busan, Yokosuka, Hong Kong and Pearl Harbor.

During the deployment, KITTY HAWK operated in the western Pacific and Indian Ocean, maintaining readiness for contingency operations and participating in exercises with allied naval and air forces. Her aircraft conducted training associated with Operation Southern Watch and other regional security commitments. The carrier also participated in maritime security and fleet air defense exercises involving American and allied ships. Following the final operating period, KITTY HAWK began the return transit across the Pacific and arrived at San Diego on December 22, 1994.

During 1995, KITTY HAWK underwent maintenance and continued training along the American West Coast. The carrier conducted aircraft qualifications, readiness inspections and battle group exercises, receiving the Pacific Fleet Battle Efficiency Award for her operational performance. Carrier Air Wing 11 was subsequently assigned to the carrier in preparation for her next deployment. During 1996, KITTY HAWK conducted Composite Training Unit Exercises and participated in RIMPAC 1996 in Hawaiian waters, operating with naval forces from the United States, Australia, Canada, Japan, South Korea and Chile. The exercises were intended to prepare the carrier and air wing for operations in the western Pacific and Arabian Gulf.

On October 11, 1996, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for her eighteenth major deployment with CVW-11 embarked. Her battle group included USS COWPENS, USS ANTIETAM (CG 54), USS REID (FFG 30), USS CUSHING and USS SALT LAKE CITY. The carrier crossed the Pacific and visited Hong Kong from November 3 to 8, followed by Singapore from November 12 to 17. After departing Singapore, KITTY HAWK proceeded through the Strait of Malacca and into the Indian Ocean, conducting training and surveillance operations during the transit. She entered the Arabian Gulf through the Strait of Hormuz on November 27, 1996.

During December 1996, KITTY HAWK operated in support of Operation Southern Watch, conducting patrols over southern Iraq and maintaining aircraft ready to respond to Iraqi air defense activity. The battle group also participated in maritime interception operations intended to enforce United Nations sanctions against Iraq. On November 29, Secretary of Defense William J. Perry visited the carrier, followed by Admiral Jay L. Johnson, Chief of Naval Operations, on December 3. KITTY HAWK subsequently continued operations in the Arabian Gulf and visited Bahrain from December 24 to 29, spending the Christmas holiday in port.

During January 1997, KITTY HAWK continued Operation Southern Watch and maritime security operations. The carrier visited Jebel Ali, United Arab Emirates, from January 18 to 22 before returning to sea for additional missions. Throughout the operating period, aircraft from CVW-11 conducted combat air patrol, reconnaissance and surveillance operations, while the battle group's surface watch teams monitored commercial shipping for possible violations of United Nations sanctions. The carrier returned to Jebel Ali for another port visit from February 11 to 15. On February 16, KITTY HAWK passed through the Strait of Hormuz and departed the Arabian Gulf. During the deployment, the battle group's maritime surveillance teams had located, tracked and identified more than 2,500 vessels.

Following the Arabian Gulf operating period, KITTY HAWK proceeded southeast through the Indian Ocean toward Australia. She visited Fremantle from March 7 to 11, 1997, and Hobart, Tasmania, from March 16 to 21. The carrier then continued across the South Pacific, crossing the equator and the International Date Line on March 29. KITTY HAWK visited Pearl Harbor from April 3 to 4 and embarked family members for the final transit to California. She returned to San Diego on April 11, 1997.

Following the deployment, KITTY HAWK entered a complex overhaul at Naval Air Station North Island. The first phase began on May 21, 1997, and continued until December 15. The work included repairs and improvements to shipboard machinery, aviation facilities, electronic systems and habitability spaces. During January and February 1998, the carrier underwent a further phase of the approximately $110 million modernization program, including a period in dry dock at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton. The overhaul prepared KITTY HAWK for a major change in assignment, replacing USS INDEPENDENCE (CV 62) as the Navy's permanently forward-deployed aircraft carrier at Yokosuka, Japan.

On July 6, 1998, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for the transfer to Japan. She subsequently operated near Hawaii and met USS INDEPENDENCE at Pearl Harbor, where the two carriers conducted turnover procedures on July 18. KITTY HAWK embarked personnel and aircraft from Carrier Air Wing 5 (CVW-5), which had previously operated from USS INDEPENDENCE and was based ashore at Naval Air Facility Atsugi, Japan. The carrier continued across the Pacific and arrived at Yokosuka on August 11, 1998, becoming the third American aircraft carrier to be permanently forward deployed to Japan, following USS MIDWAY and USS INDEPENDENCE.

Following her arrival in Japan, KITTY HAWK conducted training operations and readiness exercises with Seventh Fleet units. Her new assignment required the carrier to maintain readiness for rapid deployment throughout the western Pacific and Indian Ocean. The ship also underwent maintenance and modifications associated with the new operating arrangements. During the autumn of 1998, KITTY HAWK conducted exercises with Japanese and American naval forces, including carrier qualifications and combined air defense training. On November 20, the carrier was authorized to fly the First Navy Jack in recognition of her status as the active commissioned ship with the longest cumulative period of service in the United States Navy.

On March 2, 1999, KITTY HAWK departed Yokosuka for a Western Pacific deployment with CVW-5 embarked. Her strike group included USS MOBILE BAY (CG 53), USS CHANCELLORSVILLE (CG 62), USS CURTIS WILBUR (DDG 54) and USS DAVID R. RAY. The carrier initially participated in Exercise Tandem Thrust, a major multinational exercise in waters near Guam involving American and Australian forces. During the exercise, the former USS OKLAHOMA CITY (CLG 5) was used as a target in a sinking exercise. Following Tandem Thrust, KITTY HAWK visited Apra Harbor, Guam, on April 3 before being ordered to proceed toward the Arabian Gulf.

The diversion to the Arabian Gulf resulted from increasing operational requirements associated with Iraq and the NATO air campaign against Yugoslavia. USS ENTERPRISE (CVN 65) had been operating in the region and required relief, while other American carrier forces were committed to operations in the Mediterranean. KITTY HAWK proceeded through the Indian Ocean and entered the Arabian Gulf through the Strait of Hormuz on April 20, 1999. She relieved USS ENTERPRISE and began operations in support of Operation Southern Watch, maintaining the no-fly zone over southern Iraq.

During April, May and June 1999, aircraft from CVW-5 conducted combat air patrol, reconnaissance and strike missions over Iraq. The air wing also supported maritime security operations and maintained readiness to respond to Iraqi air defense activity. KITTY HAWK's aircraft flew more than 8,800 sorties during the deployment, including approximately 1,300 combat sorties, and delivered precision-guided weapons against designated military targets. The carrier's operational schedule was extended beyond the originally planned deployment period. During June, helicopters from the carrier participated in search and rescue operations, including the recovery of a man overboard and assistance following the loss of an aircraft.

KITTY HAWK departed the Arabian Gulf on July 15, 1999, after completing turnover procedures. She subsequently proceeded through the Indian Ocean and made port visits to Perth, Australia, and Pattaya, Thailand, before returning toward Japan. The carrier arrived at Yokosuka on August 25, 1999. During the remainder of the year, she continued Seventh Fleet operations and participated in exercises with American and allied forces, including Exercise Foal Eagle near the Korean Peninsula and ANNUALEX with the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.

During early 2000, KITTY HAWK underwent maintenance and conducted carrier qualifications and training in Japanese waters. She departed Yokosuka on April 11 for a Western Pacific operating period that included Exercise Cobra Gold 2000, a combined exercise involving American and Thai forces. The carrier also conducted exercises with other regional navies and made visits to Apra Harbor, Guam; Pattaya, Thailand; Hong Kong; and Singapore. KITTY HAWK returned to Yokosuka on June 5, 2000, and subsequently underwent maintenance and additional training.

On September 26, 2000, KITTY HAWK departed Yokosuka for another Western Pacific operating period with CVW-5. The carrier participated in Exercise Foal Eagle, a major combined exercise involving American and South Korean forces. Operations included air defense, anti-submarine warfare, reconnaissance, strike training and coordination with land-based aircraft. Port visits included Otaru, Japan, and Busan, South Korea. KITTY HAWK returned to Yokosuka on November 20, 2000.

During the first half of 2001, KITTY HAWK continued Seventh Fleet training and exercises. She departed Yokosuka on March 2 for a Western Pacific and South Pacific operating period that included participation in Exercise Tandem Thrust. The carrier visited Singapore, where she became the first American aircraft carrier to moor alongside at the new Changi Naval Base on March 22. Additional port visits included Pattaya, Thailand; Apra Harbor, Guam; and Sydney, Australia. On April 29, KITTY HAWK marked the fortieth anniversary of her commissioning while deployed. She subsequently completed additional exercises and returned to Yokosuka on June 11, 2001.

Following the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, American military forces began preparing operations against al-Qaeda and the Taliban government in Afghanistan. On September 27, KITTY HAWK received orders to deploy as an Afloat Forward Staging Base for American special operations forces. The assignment required the ship to operate in a role different from that of a conventional strike carrier. Most of the normal fixed-wing aircraft of CVW-5 remained ashore in Japan, while the carrier embarked a reduced naval aviation detachment of approximately fifteen aircraft, including F/A-18 Hornets, S-3 Vikings, C-2 Greyhounds and helicopters. The ship's hangar bay, flight deck and support facilities were prepared to accommodate additional Army helicopters and personnel.

KITTY HAWK departed Yokosuka on October 1, 2001, and proceeded southward through the western Pacific. She transited the Strait of Malacca on October 7 and arrived off Masirah Island, Oman, on October 12. The carrier subsequently embarked more than 600 American special operations personnel and approximately twenty helicopters, including MH-47 Chinooks and MH-60 Black Hawks from the 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment. The embarked force also included elements of Army Special Forces and Navy SEAL units. The carrier's facilities provided aviation support, maintenance, communications, medical services and logistical support for operations directed against targets in Afghanistan.

During October and November 2001, KITTY HAWK operated in the North Arabian Sea in support of Operation Enduring Freedom. The embarked Army helicopters conducted long-range missions associated with the insertion, movement and support of American special operations forces operating in Afghanistan. The carrier maintained an extensive flight deck and hangar support organization to sustain these operations, while the reduced Navy air detachment provided defensive and logistical capabilities. KITTY HAWK operated alongside other American naval forces supporting the campaign, including aircraft carriers conducting conventional strike operations. The ship's unusual assignment continued as American and allied forces advanced against Taliban positions and established a growing presence ashore.

Following completion of her assigned special operations support duties, KITTY HAWK began the return voyage toward Japan. The carrier visited Phuket, Thailand, during the return transit and subsequently proceeded through the South China Sea toward Yokosuka. KITTY HAWK returned to her homeport on December 23, 2001.

During early 2002, KITTY HAWK underwent maintenance and resumed routine carrier qualifications and training. On March 21, she conducted operational testing of the Rolling Airframe Missile system, becoming the first American aircraft carrier to perform test firings with the system. The carrier subsequently continued training and readiness exercises with Seventh Fleet units. On April 15, 2002, KITTY HAWK departed Yokosuka for another Western Pacific operating period, conducting exercises with allied naval forces and making visits to Hong Kong, Singapore and Apra Harbor, Guam. She returned to Yokosuka on June 5.

Following maintenance and additional training, KITTY HAWK departed Yokosuka again on October 25, 2002, for a Western Pacific deployment. The carrier participated in ANNUALEX and other combined exercises with Japanese naval forces, conducting air defense, anti-submarine warfare, reconnaissance and simulated strike operations. KITTY HAWK visited Hong Kong from November 29 to December 3 before resuming exercises and returning to Yokosuka on December 13, 2002.

On January 23, 2003, KITTY HAWK departed Yokosuka as American forces prepared for possible military operations against Iraq. The carrier initially conducted training in the western Pacific before receiving orders to proceed toward the Arabian Gulf. Her strike group included USS CHANCELLORSVILLE, USS COWPENS, USS JOHN S. McCAIN (DDG 56), USS O'BRIEN, USS CUSHING, USS GARY (FFG 51), USS VANDEGRIFT and USS BREMERTON (SSN 698). Carrier Air Wing 5 was embarked, including F-14 Tomcats, F/A-18 Hornets, EA-6B Prowlers, E-2C Hawkeyes, S-3B Vikings and helicopters.

KITTY HAWK proceeded through the Strait of Malacca and across the Indian Ocean toward the Arabian Gulf, where American and coalition forces were assembling for operations against Iraq. During February and early March 2003, the carrier conducted aircraft qualifications, strike training and surveillance missions. Her aircraft initially participated in Operation Southern Watch, enforcing the no-fly zone over southern Iraq. As diplomatic efforts failed to resolve the confrontation over Iraq's weapons programs and compliance with United Nations resolutions, the United States and allied forces completed preparations for offensive military operations.

On March 20, 2003, aircraft from KITTY HAWK participated in the opening attacks of Operation Iraqi Freedom. CVW-5 conducted strike, reconnaissance, close air support and other combat missions against Iraqi military targets, including air defense installations, military command facilities, armored units and transportation routes. Aircraft from KITTY HAWK operated alongside other American and coalition air forces as ground troops advanced into Iraq. The carrier's F-14 Tomcats and F/A-18 Hornets delivered precision-guided weapons and conducted reconnaissance and air support missions, while supporting aircraft provided electronic warfare, airborne early warning and tanker services.

On April 1, 2003, an F-14A Tomcat from KITTY HAWK was lost because of technical problems during combat operations. Both crew members ejected and were rescued. On April 2, Lieutenant Nathan D. White of VFA-195 was killed when his F/A-18C Hornet was mistakenly engaged by an American Patriot surface-to-air missile battery while returning from a mission over Iraq. The incident was investigated as a friendly fire accident. KITTY HAWK continued combat operations during April, with her aircraft providing support to coalition forces moving toward Baghdad and conducting strikes against Iraqi military positions.

During the deployment, CVW-5 flew approximately 5,375 sorties under Operations Southern Watch and Iraqi Freedom, totaling about 11,800 flight hours. KITTY HAWK continued combat operations until April 23, 2003, when the air wing completed its final missions in the Arabian Gulf. The carrier subsequently began the return transit through the Indian Ocean and western Pacific. She returned to Yokosuka on May 6, 2003, after approximately 104 days away from her homeport.

Following the deployment, KITTY HAWK entered a Drydocking Selected Restricted Availability at Yokosuka on May 19, 2003. The maintenance period included extensive repairs and inspections of the ship's hull, propulsion machinery, aviation facilities and shipboard systems. Additional modernization work was conducted on electronic equipment, communications facilities and aircraft support systems. KITTY HAWK remained in dry dock through much of the summer before completing the availability on October 17. She subsequently resumed sea trials, aviation qualifications and readiness training with CVW-5.

During early 2004, KITTY HAWK conducted another Western Pacific operating period. She departed Yokosuka on February 18 and continued training with CVW-5, which was transitioning from F-14 Tomcats to F/A-18F Super Hornets. On February 19, the first F/A-18F Super Hornet from VFA-102 landed aboard KITTY HAWK, marking the introduction of the aircraft type to the forward-deployed carrier air wing. During the deployment, KITTY HAWK conducted air defense, anti-submarine warfare and strike training with accompanying Seventh Fleet units. Port visits included Hong Kong, Busan, Singapore and Fremantle, Australia. She returned to Yokosuka on May 24, 2004.

Following additional maintenance and training, KITTY HAWK departed Yokosuka on July 19, 2004, to participate in Summer Pulse 04, a Navy-wide exercise designed to demonstrate the ability to deploy multiple carrier strike groups simultaneously. KITTY HAWK conducted exercises in the western Pacific involving American and allied naval forces, including coordinated air defense, anti-submarine warfare, reconnaissance and simulated strike operations. The deployment included a visit to Apra Harbor, Guam. KITTY HAWK returned to Yokosuka on September 7, 2004.

During the autumn of 2004, KITTY HAWK conducted further exercises and readiness evaluations with American and Japanese naval forces. The carrier participated in ANNUALEX 2005 during November, a large combined naval exercise involving more than sixty American and Japanese ships and submarines. The exercise included fleet air defense, anti-submarine warfare, maritime surveillance and coordinated surface operations. KITTY HAWK subsequently returned to Yokosuka for maintenance and preparations for the following year's operating schedule.

On February 10, 2005, KITTY HAWK departed Yokosuka for a Western Pacific operating period with CVW-5. The carrier conducted exercises with Seventh Fleet units and made visits to Hong Kong and Busan before returning to Yokosuka on March 28. Following post-deployment maintenance and aircraft qualifications, she departed again on May 23 for a summer deployment that included Exercise Talisman Sabre 2005, a major combined exercise involving American and Australian forces. The carrier operated in Australian and western Pacific waters, participating in air defense, strike training, anti-submarine warfare and maritime security exercises. KITTY HAWK visited Sydney, Australia, and Apra Harbor, Guam, before returning to Yokosuka on August 20.

During the autumn of 2005, KITTY HAWK conducted another Western Pacific operating period, departing Yokosuka on October 24. The carrier participated in exercises with the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, including air defense, anti-submarine warfare and coordinated maritime operations. The deployment included a visit to Hong Kong, and KITTY HAWK returned to Yokosuka on December 12, 2005.

During early 2006, KITTY HAWK underwent maintenance and operational training in preparation for another extended deployment. She departed Yokosuka on June 8, 2006, for a Western Pacific operating period with CVW-5. During June, the carrier participated in Exercise Valiant Shield 2006, a large joint exercise involving American naval and air forces in waters near Guam. The exercise brought together three carrier strike groups, approximately 22,000 personnel and 280 aircraft. KITTY HAWK conducted coordinated air defense, strike training, anti-submarine warfare and maritime security operations alongside other American ships and aircraft.

Following Valiant Shield, KITTY HAWK visited Otaru, Japan, from July 1 to 5, 2006, before continuing operations in the western Pacific and Indian Ocean. Additional port visits included Singapore, Fremantle, Australia, and Laem Chabang, Thailand. During the deployment, the carrier conducted multinational exercises, aviation training and readiness operations. KITTY HAWK returned to Yokosuka on September 15, 2006, after an extended operating period.

On October 17, 2006, KITTY HAWK departed Yokosuka for another Western Pacific deployment with CVW-5. The carrier participated in exercises with American and Japanese naval forces, including ANNUALEX 18 during November. The exercise involved more than one hundred American and Japanese ships and focused on coordinated maritime operations, fleet air defense, anti-submarine warfare and communications. KITTY HAWK visited Sasebo, Japan, and subsequently Hong Kong from November 23 to 27. During the deployment, the carrier and embarked air wing traveled more than 15,000 nautical miles and completed more than 8,000 aircraft launches and recoveries. KITTY HAWK returned to Yokosuka on December 10, 2006.

During the first months of 2007, KITTY HAWK underwent an extended maintenance period at Yokosuka. The work included repairs and inspections of aviation equipment, machinery, electronic systems and shipboard support facilities. Following completion of the maintenance period, the carrier conducted sea trials and aircraft qualifications before departing Yokosuka on May 23, 2007, for another Western Pacific deployment with CVW-5.

During June and July 2007, KITTY HAWK participated in Exercise Talisman Sabre 2007, a major combined exercise involving American and Australian land, naval and air forces. The carrier conducted simulated strike missions, air defense operations, maritime surveillance and anti-submarine warfare exercises. She visited Brisbane and Sydney, Australia, during the deployment. While KITTY HAWK was moored at Sydney, Australian Prime Minister John Howard visited the ship, as did Opposition Leader Kevin Rudd and actor Russell Crowe. The carrier also hosted Australian military and government officials during the visit.

Following the Australian operating period, KITTY HAWK participated in Exercise Valiant Shield 2007, a major joint exercise in western Pacific waters. The exercise involved three American carrier strike groups centered on KITTY HAWK, USS NIMITZ and USS JOHN C. STENNIS (CVN 74), together with numerous surface ships, submarines and aircraft. Rear Admiral Richard Wren, Commander KITTY HAWK Strike Group and Task Force 70, exercised overall command of the three carrier groups during portions of the exercise. The operations included coordinated air defense, strike training, anti-submarine warfare and maritime surveillance.

During August and September 2007, KITTY HAWK participated in Exercise Malabar 07-2 in the Bay of Bengal. The exercise involved naval forces from the United States, India, Australia, Japan and Singapore, with approximately twenty-eight ships and 150 aircraft. The participating forces conducted air defense, anti-submarine warfare, surface warfare, maritime interdiction and communications exercises. KITTY HAWK subsequently visited Port Klang, Malaysia, before returning to Yokosuka on September 21, 2007.

Following a short maintenance period, KITTY HAWK departed Yokosuka on October 21, 2007, for her final autumn deployment from Japan. The carrier participated in Exercise Keen Sword 2008 and ANNUALEX 19 with the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force. The exercises involved coordinated carrier operations, air defense, anti-submarine warfare and maritime security training. KITTY HAWK also visited Muroran, Japan, becoming the first United States Navy warship to make a port visit there. The carrier returned to Yokosuka on November 27, 2007, after completing the operating period.

During the first half of 2008, KITTY HAWK underwent final preparations for her replacement as the Navy's forward-deployed aircraft carrier in Japan. The carrier was scheduled to be relieved by USS GEORGE WASHINGTON (CVN 73), which departed Norfolk in April 2008 for the transfer to Yokosuka. However, a serious fire aboard USS GEORGE WASHINGTON on May 22 delayed the carrier's arrival in Japan and required changes to the planned turnover schedule. KITTY HAWK continued preparations for her final voyage from Yokosuka and was subsequently assigned to participate in RIMPAC 2008.

On May 28, 2008, KITTY HAWK departed Yokosuka for the last time, beginning the voyage that would return her to the United States. The carrier proceeded through the western Pacific and visited Apra Harbor, Guam, before continuing to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. She subsequently participated in RIMPAC 2008, a large multinational exercise conducted in Hawaiian waters from late June through July. The exercise involved American and allied ships, submarines, aircraft and personnel conducting air defense, anti-submarine warfare, maritime interdiction, surface warfare and other operations. KITTY HAWK operated with allied naval forces during the exercise, conducting carrier qualifications and coordinated maritime training.

Following RIMPAC, KITTY HAWK completed preparations for the final transfer of forward-deployed responsibilities to USS GEORGE WASHINGTON. On August 7, 2008, KITTY HAWK arrived at San Diego, where she met USS GEORGE WASHINGTON and participated in events associated with the turnover. The two carriers operated in the area as the Navy completed the reassignment of personnel, equipment and responsibilities required for the forward-deployed carrier program. KITTY HAWK remained at San Diego during August while preparations continued for her transfer to inactive status.

On August 28, 2008, KITTY HAWK departed San Diego for the final time under her own power and proceeded northward along the Pacific coast. She arrived at Bremerton, Washington, on September 2, 2008, where preparations began for decommissioning and inactivation. During the following months, the ship's crew removed ammunition, aircraft support equipment and other materials while machinery and shipboard systems were progressively secured. Personnel were transferred to other Navy assignments as the carrier's operational activities came to an end.

On January 31, 2009, KITTY HAWK held her farewell ceremony at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton. The ceremony was attended by former crew members, Navy officials, veterans and invited guests. On May 12, 2009, KITTY HAWK was formally decommissioned after more than forty-eight years of commissioned service. The ship was subsequently placed in inactive storage at Bremerton, where she remained under the care of the Navy's inactive ships organization.

During the following years, the Navy evaluated proposals concerning the possible preservation of KITTY HAWK as a museum or memorial. Several organizations expressed interest in acquiring the ship, but no preservation proposal resulted in a completed transfer. The carrier remained in inactive storage at Bremerton while the Navy considered disposal alternatives. On October 20, 2017, KITTY HAWK was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register, formally removing her from the Navy's list of vessels available for future service.

In October 2021, the Navy awarded a contract for the dismantling and recycling of the former KITTY HAWK to International Shipbreaking Limited of Brownsville, Texas. The ship was sold for the nominal sum of one cent, with the contractor responsible for transporting and dismantling the vessel under the terms of the disposal agreement. During the following months, the former carrier was prepared for towing, including securing loose equipment, inspecting the hull and completing arrangements for the long transit from Washington to Texas.

On January 15, 2022, the former KITTY HAWK departed Bremerton under tow for the final voyage to Brownsville. Because the carrier was too large to transit the Panama Canal, the towing route took her southward along the Pacific coast of the Americas, around Cape Horn and northward through the Atlantic toward the Gulf of Mexico. The voyage required several months and involved navigation through the exposed waters surrounding the southern tip of South America. KITTY HAWK arrived at the Port of Brownsville on May 31, 2022, and was delivered to the International Shipbreaking facility for dismantling and recycling.

During 2022, 2023 and 2024, the former KITTY HAWK was progressively dismantled at Brownsville. The work involved removal of the superstructure, aviation facilities, internal machinery, structural components and remaining equipment, together with the processing of steel and other recyclable materials. As dismantling proceeded, the remaining hull sections were reduced and moved within the facility. On January 16, 2025, at approximately 10:00 a.m., the last remaining floating section of the former KITTY HAWK's hull was lifted from the water at Brownsville for final dismantling.


Click here to get a view of the deployments of USS KITTY HAWK


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USS KITTY HAWK Patch Gallery:

RIMPAC '92WESTPAC '94WESTPAC '93WESTPAC '66/'67WESTPAC '97
Lambada CruiseCVW-5 Japan
contributed by Foeke Keijzer		Click here to view more USS KITTY HAWK Patches.


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Accidents aboard USS KITTY HAWK:

DateWhereEvents
August 9, 1961Norfolk, Va.KITTY HAWK suffers a boiler breakdown involving ruptured tubes at Norfolk, Va., just prior to its shakedown cruise.
December 6, 1965Off VietnamUSS KITTY HAWK suffers a blaze in the carrier's main engine-room #3. An ammunition magazine was subsequently flooded to avoid an explosion. The fire caused heavy damage aboard the ship, killed two crewmen, and injured 29 others.
June 16, 1967west of San Francisco, Calif.KITTY HAWK collides with USS PLATTE (AO 24) during refueling.
December 18, 1967Subic Bay, PhilippinesKITTY HAWK suffers a 9-hour fire centered in an airplane tire stowage area while the ship is docked in Subic Bay. Approx. 125 sailors are treated for smoke inhalation.
December 11, 1973700 nautical miles eastern of the PhilippinesSix crewmen were killed and 38 injured in a boiler-room blaze. The fire could be extinguished by the crew, and KITTY HAWK proceeded to Subic Bay, Philippines, for repairs.
May 29, 1975PacificAn F-4J Phantom II from VF-114 experienced a serious control malfunction shortly after launch from USS KITTY HAWK and crashed into the sea. Both crew members were recovered by a helicopter from HS-8.
June 10, 1975135 miles northwest of Wake IslandUSS KITTY HAWK suffers major flooding in its #1 machinery room while crossing to the western Pacific.
February 21, 1979off the US West CoastAn SH-3D Sea King helicopter from HS-8 experienced mechanical problems and made an emergency landing on the water shortly after takeoff from USS KITTY HAWK. The crew was recovered by another helicopter before the aircraft sank.
December 29, 1979Arabian SeaA KA-6D Intruder tanker aircraft from VA-52 crashed shortly after launch from KITTY HAWK, killing both crew members. Helicopters and nearby ships, including USS DAVID R. RAY (DD 971), participated in the unsuccessful rescue effort.
September 6, 1981Indian OceanA landing A-7 II Corsair aircraft collides with a taxiing F-14 Tomcat on the USS KITTY HAWK killing one crewmen and injuring two others.
January 19, 1983off the coast of Washington stateUSS KITTY HAWK has a minor collision with the Canadian Maritime Forces Ship YUKON. There are no personnel injuries or serious damage.
November 22, 1983Oakland, Calif.KITTY HAWK and the USS WABASH (AOR 5) have a minor collision during refueling in Oakland, Calif.
March 21, 1984Sea of JapanUSS KITTY HAWK collided with a VICTOR-class Soviet nuclear-powered attack submarine in the Sea of Japan.
At the time of the collision, the USS KITTY HAWK was carrying up to several dozen nuclear weapons, and the Soviet submarine probably carried two nuclear torpedoes.
June 30, 1984 A VF-1 F-14A is conducting an emergency landing on the flight deck using the crash barricade. No injuries are sustained during the landing. Click here for a photo sequence of the landing.
October 19, 1985western PacificA SH-3H Sea King helicopter from HS-2 crashes into the ocean after suffering an engine failure. The helicopter was conducting an anti-submarine warfare patrol around the KITTY HAWK. The photos below show the KITTY HAWK arriving at the crash site and survivors of the crash being transported to the carrier by a whale boat.

    

September 9, 1986off CaliforniaAviation Boatswain's Mate Airman Apprentice Daniel Dixon was killed during night flight operations on the flight deck.
July 11, 1994 Crash landing of an F-14 during flight operations at night.



October 16, 2000 After the recovery of an F/A-18C, maintainers push a nitrogen cart across the landing area. As the arresting cable rapidly retracts, one of the maintainers is knocked to the deck.



November 7, 2001Arabian SeaMachinist's Mate Fireman Apprentice Bryant Leroy Davis, a member of the crew of KITTY HAWK, fell overboard while the carrier operated in the Arabian Sea in support of Operation Enduring Freedom. A two day search involving USS CURTIS WILBUR (DDG 54), several aircraft and small rigid hull inflatable boats failed to turn up anything. Davis was officially declared deceased November 10 by the Department of Defense.
January 29, 2005western PacificDuring the arrested landing of an F/A-18F, the arresting cable paid out to full extension and failed. The aircraft is lost at sea but the aircrew ejected and were rescued. Six crewman on the flight deck are injured, two severely.
November 2, 2005off OkinawaAN Manuel Delrio loses his lower right leg after being pinned under the wheels of an F/A-18 assigned to VFA-192. After the accident Delrio was taken to KITTY HAWK medical facility where the ship's surgeon amputated the leg below the knee. Afterwards, the sailor was medevaced to US naval facilities on Okinawa.
July 8, 2006east off JapanAN Jason J. Doyle assigned to VAQ-136 falls overboard around 5pm local time during routine flight operations. An extensive search for more than 2 days by air and sea involving KITTY HAWK, one guided missile cruiser, two guided missile destroyers, one oiler and P-3 aircraft fails to turn up anything.


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Click here to view more photos.


The two photos below were taken by Karl-Heinz Ahles and show USS KITTY HAWK at Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego, Ca., in October 1997.



The photos below were taken by Ian Johnson and show the USS KITTY HAWK departing Fremantle, Australia, on April 27, 2004. This port visit was KITTY HAWK's fifth visit to Western Australia.



The photos below were taken by Ian Johnson and show the USS KITTY HAWK at Fremantle, Australia, on August 10, 2006. This port visit was KITTY HAWK's last visit to Western Australia.



The photos below were taken by me and show the KITTY HAWK laid-up at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Wash., on March 14, 2010.



The photos below were taken by me and show the KITTY HAWK laid-up at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Wash., on May 12, 2012.



The photos below were taken by Michael Jenning and show the KITTY HAWK laid-up at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Wash., on April 17, 2016.



The photos below were taken by Michael Jenning and show the KITTY HAWK laid-up at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Wash., on October 13, 2017.



The photos below were taken by Sebastian Thoma and show the KITTY HAWK laid-up at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Wash., on May 15, 2018.



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